SNOWPACK 20241209.e5f7d05
Table of content
  1. External Links
    1. Snowpack's home page
      1. Installation, compilation
      2. Getting help
  2. End User documentation
    1. Getting Started
    2. Model principles & configuration
      1. General concepts
      2. Submodels documentation
        1. Water Transport
        2. Water Vapor Transport
        3. Sea Ice
        4. Technical snow
      3. References
      4. Use cases
    3. Inputs / Outputs
      1. Data requirements
      2. Data file formats
      3. Advanced simulation setup
    4. Simulation tools
      1. Configuring a simulation
      2. Visualization of the results
  3. Programing using Snowpack
    1. Programming with libsnowpack
  4. Expanding Snowpack
    1. Coding style
    2. Adding extra models

SNOWPACK is a multi-purpose snow and land-surface model, which focusses on a detailed description of the mass and energy exchange between the snow, the atmosphere and optionally with the vegetation cover and the soil. It also includes a detailed treatment of mass and energy fluxes within these media.
SNOWPACK has originally been developed to support avalanche warning (Lehning et al., 1999) and thus features a very detailed description of snow properties including weak layer characterization (Stoessel et al., 2009), phase changes and water transport in snow (Hirashima et al., 2010). A particular feature is the treatment of soil and snow as a continuum with a choice of a few up to several hundred layers. While a main application is still on avalanche warning in countries from Switzerland (Schirmer et al., 2009) to Japan (Nishimura et al., 2005), the applications range from climate change assessments (Rasmus et al., 2004; Bavay et al., 2009) and superimposed ice simulations (Obleitner and Lehning, 2004) to permafrost sensitivity studies (Luetschg et al., 2008) and the simulation of snow storage (Olefs and Lehning, 2010).

In order to ease the integration of SNOWPACK into other models, it is now structured as a library (libsnowpack) and an application that uses the library to perform simulations (snowpack). This library is available under LGPL version 3 or above, see www.gnu.org. The Visual C++ version uses a BSD-licensed port of getopt for Visual C++, with a BSD copyright notice.