#include <Snowpack.h>

Public Types
enum	BoundaryCondition { NEUMANN_BC , DIRICHLET_BC }
	Specifies what kind of boundary condition is to be implemented at the top surface. Either use surface fluxes (NEUMANN_BC) or use a prescribed surface temperature (DIRICHLET_BC) More...

Public Member Functions
	Snowpack (const SnowpackConfig &i_cfg)

void	runSnowpackModel (CurrentMeteo &Mdata, SnowStation &Xdata, double &cumu_precip, BoundCond &Bdata, SurfaceFluxes &Sdata)
	The near future (s. below) has arrived on Wednesday Feb. 6, when it was finally snowing in Davos and Sergey, Michael and Perry were working furiously on SNOWPACK again. Michael prepared the coupling of the model to the energy balance model of Olivia and his own snow drift model. He found it therefore necessary to move the time loop into the Main.c frame. He also cleaned the data structure handling, i.e. made sure that all variables are handed to the subroutines and that there is no longer a global referencing. In the meantime, Perry and Sergey prepared the introduction of a vapor transport equation. While Sergey was sad that his family had to go back, Perry was exchanging a lot of wet kisses with his new women probably causing some of his confusion about vapor and heat transport. Driving routine for the 1d-snowpack model. The main program will probably be replaced in future – or, at least modified. For now, it is responsible for several tasks: More...

void	snowPreparation (const mio::Date &currentDate, SnowStation &Xdata) const
	Perform snow preparation (grooming, etc) on a given snowpack. More...

void	setUseSoilLayers (const bool &value)

double	getSnDt () const

void	setSnDt (const double &snDt)

double	getParameterizedAlbedo (const SnowStation &Xdata, const CurrentMeteo &Mdata) const

double	getModelAlbedo (const SnowStation &Xdata, CurrentMeteo &Mdata) const

Static Public Attributes
static const double	min_ice_content = SnLaws::min_hn_density / Constants::density_ice
	Min volumetric ice content allowed. More...

Protected Member Functions
bool	compTemperatureProfile (const CurrentMeteo &Mdata, SnowStation &Xdata, BoundCond &Bdata, const bool &ThrowAtNoConvergence)
	Computes the snow temperatures which are given by the following formula: . More...

Protected Attributes
BoundaryCondition	surfaceCode

Member Enumeration Documentation

◆ BoundaryCondition

enum Snowpack::BoundaryCondition

Specifies what kind of boundary condition is to be implemented at the top surface. Either use surface fluxes (NEUMANN_BC) or use a prescribed surface temperature (DIRICHLET_BC)

Enumerator
NEUMANN_BC
DIRICHLET_BC

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ Snowpack()

Snowpack::Snowpack ( const SnowpackConfig & i_cfg )

Member Function Documentation

◆ compTemperatureProfile()

bool Snowpack::compTemperatureProfile	(	const CurrentMeteo &	Mdata,
		SnowStation &	Xdata,
		BoundCond &	Bdata,
		const bool &	ThrowAtNoConvergence
	)

protected

Computes the snow temperatures which are given by the following formula:
.

: dT d^2T rho*c(T)*-— - k(T)*---— = Q dt dz^2
with initial and Dirichlet and/or Neumann boundary conditions.

T(z,t) = temperature (K); rho = snow density (kg m-3); c = specific heat capacity (J K-1 kg-1); k = heat conductivity (W K-1 m-1); t = time (s);
Note: The equations are solved with a fully implicit time-integration scheme and the system of finite element matrices are solved using a sparse matrix solver.

Parameters

	Xdata	Snow profile data
[in]	Mdata	Meteorological forcing
	Bdata	Boundary conditions
[in]	ThrowAtNoConvergence	If true, throw exception when temperature equation does not converge; if false, function will return false after non convergence and true otherwise.

Returns: true when temperature equation converged, false if it did not.

◆ getModelAlbedo()

double Snowpack::getModelAlbedo	(	const SnowStation &	Xdata,
		CurrentMeteo &	Mdata
	)		const

◆ getParameterizedAlbedo()

double Snowpack::getParameterizedAlbedo	(	const SnowStation &	Xdata,
		const CurrentMeteo &	Mdata
	)		const

◆ getSnDt()

double Snowpack::getSnDt ( ) const

inline

◆ runSnowpackModel()

void Snowpack::runSnowpackModel	(	CurrentMeteo &	Mdata,
		SnowStation &	Xdata,
		double &	cumu_precip,
		BoundCond &	Bdata,
		SurfaceFluxes &	Sdata
	)

The near future (s. below) has arrived on Wednesday Feb. 6, when it was finally snowing in Davos and Sergey, Michael and Perry were working furiously on SNOWPACK again. Michael prepared the coupling of the model to the energy balance model of Olivia and his own snow drift model. He found it therefore necessary to move the time loop into the Main.c frame. He also cleaned the data structure handling, i.e. made sure that all variables are handed to the subroutines and that there is no longer a global referencing. In the meantime, Perry and Sergey prepared the introduction of a vapor transport equation. While Sergey was sad that his family had to go back, Perry was exchanging a lot of wet kisses with his new women probably causing some of his confusion about vapor and heat transport. Driving routine for the 1d-snowpack model. The main program will probably be replaced in future – or, at least modified. For now, it is responsible for several tasks:

In the next step the program enters the time-integration, or, time-stepping loop. Moreover, we find the solution at TimeN = Time0 + sn_dt. For now, we will assume that sn_dt = 15min and Time0 = 0.0. These restrictions can be later relaxed. The program must then "check" three modules before finding the temperature distribution and creep deformations, these are:
1. Determine the METEO parameters at time TimeN. (The METEO parameters include air temperature, relative humidity, short wave radiation, incoming longwave radiation, etc. as well as the ground temperature) >>>>>> METEO MODULE <<<<<<< Change: ML, 06.02.02: Mdata needs to be handed to the function
2. Determine if a SNOWFALL event as occcured. (This implies that the dynamically allocated data structures must be reallocated and the new material defined. The mesh connectivies (sn_NewMesh=TRUE) must be rebuilt for the numerical solution and the energy exchanges at the top surface initialized.) >>>>>> SNOWFALL MODULE <<<<<<<
3. Determine if SNOWDRIFT is occuring. Note that SNOWFALL distributes mass equally at ALL EXPOSITIONS. SNOWDRIFT can occur in conjunction WITH SNOWFALL or WITHOUT SNOWFALL. Mass is redistributed between the expositions. (Again, the internal data structures must be reinitialized.) >>>>>> SNOWDRIFT MODULE <<<<<<<
The phase change module can generate water; this water is moved downwards by the WATER TRANSPORT module. At present, a simple, mass conserving scheme is employed to move the water; when the water content is greater than the residual water content then the excess water is moved to the next element. If the element reaches the bottom of the snowpack water is removed – this is called MELTWATER RUNOFF. Also, elements which do not contain any ice are removed from the finite element mesh.
In the next step the TEMPERATURE distribution within the snowpack at each exposition is found. If SNOWFALL and SNOWDRIFT has occured then the finite element matrices must be rebuilt. >>>>> TEMPERATURE MODULE <<<<<<<<
If the computed temperatures are above zero degrees then PHASECHANGES are occuring. This means that the volumetric contents of the elements must be updated. >>>>>> PHASE CHANGE MODULE <<<<<
In the next step the CREEPING deformations and 1d state of stress within the snowpack at each exposition are found. If SNOWFALL and SNOWDRIFT has occured then the finite element matrices (connectivities) must be rebuilt. >>>>CREEP MODULE<<<<<
Parameters

Mdata The Meteorological forcing is now passed by copy so changes won't propagate to the caller

Xdata

cumu_precip Variable to store amount of precipitation (kg m-2)

Bdata

Sdata

◆ setSnDt()

void Snowpack::setSnDt ( const double & snDt )

inline

◆ setUseSoilLayers()

void Snowpack::setUseSoilLayers ( const bool & value )

◆ snowPreparation()

void Snowpack::snowPreparation	(	const mio::Date &	currentDate,
		SnowStation &	Xdata
	)		const

Perform snow preparation (grooming, etc) on a given snowpack.

Parameters

currentDate	the current date, to determine if grooming should be performed
Xdata	snowpack to work on

Member Data Documentation

◆ min_ice_content

const double Snowpack::min_ice_content = SnLaws::min_hn_density / Constants::density_ice

static

Min volumetric ice content allowed.

◆ surfaceCode

BoundaryCondition Snowpack::surfaceCode